Autumn sets in rapidly on Saturn's giant moon

ScienceDaily (Nov. 28, 2012) ? As leaves fall and winter approaches in Earth's Northern Hemisphere, a change of seasons is also rapidly becoming noticeable in the southern hemisphere of Saturn's giant moon, Titan.

Thanks to NASA's Cassini spacecraft which has been orbiting Saturn since 2004, scientists have been able to observe for the first time ever the seasonal atmospheric circulation direction change on Titan -- an event which only happens once every 15 years and is never observable from Earth. Their findings are published today in Nature.

Titan, while technically only a moon, is bigger than the planet Mercury, and is often considered a planet in its own right. It is the only known moon to have a significant atmosphere and is one of only four terrestrial atmospheres in our Solar System (the other three being Earth, Venus, and Mars). As Titan's rotation axis is tilted by a similar amount to that of Earth, it experiences seasons in a similar way, but at a much more relaxed pace as Saturn takes 29.5 Earth years to orbit the Sun.

Dr Nick Teanby of the University of Bristol and colleagues used infrared spectra measured by Cassini's Composite InfraRed Spectrometer (CIRS) instrument to determine atmospheric temperature and global distributions of chemical tracers. This allowed them to map out the seasonal changes in great detail.

The team observed an enormous increase in Titan's exotic trace gases over the south pole within a relatively short time. These trace gases are produced high in Titan's atmosphere, where sunlight and highly energetic particles break down nitrogen and methane and recombine to form a vast array of more complex molecules like benzene and hydrogen cyanide.

Co-author, Dr Remco de Kok of SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research said: "We were waiting for signs that the trace gas abundances would change together with the new season, but we did not expect such a large and rapid change: some gas concentrations increased more than a thousand times within only a few months. Also surprising was that this was happening at altitudes above 450 km, much higher than initially anticipated."

At these high altitudes the atmosphere goes around the planet much faster than the rotation of Titan's solid surface and can have horizontal wind speeds around the planet of up to 200m/s (450mph). Vertical winds caused by the seasonally varying hemisphere to hemisphere atmospheric circulation are much slower at a rather sluggish few millimetres per second and are hard to measure using conventional means.

Lead author, Dr Nick Teanby of Bristol's School of Earth Sciences said: "Using measurements of temperature and chemical tracers by Cassini, we were able to observe changes in the subtle vertical winds and reveal the pole-to-pole circulation cell. For the first time ever, we observed the circulation cell direction reverse over the south pole around the time of the 2009 southern autumnal equinox. The resulting distribution of gases shows that the circulation must extend much further than previously thought to 600 km or even higher. This calls into question our current understanding of how Titan's atmosphere works and suggests new avenues to explore."

"Our results provide a powerful new constraint for atmospheric models of Titan. Titan provides a natural laboratory for an Earth-like atmosphere in the cold outer solar system. So, these results could eventually lead to a more complete understanding of atmospheric processes on Earth, other Solar System planets, and the many exoplanetary systems now being discovered."

In the coming years Cassini will continue to observe how the seasons develop. Dr Conor Nixon at NASA Goddard Space Flight Centre said: "These results are giving us the first detailed look at changes occurring in Titan's atmosphere around the time of equinox, a season which has not been viewed up close by a spacecraft previously. This shows the really great science that is coming out of the Cassini extended mission phases since 2008, and we look forward to seeing the further changes that will occur over the next five years until the end of mission in 2017."

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The above story is reprinted from materials provided by University of Bristol.

Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. For further information, please contact the source cited above.

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Journal Reference:

1. Nicholas A. Teanby, Patrick G. J. Irwin, Conor A. Nixon, Remco de Kok, Sandrine Vinatier, Athena Coustenis, Elliot Sefton-Nash, Simon B. Calcutt, F. Michael Flasar. Active upper-atmosphere chemistry and dynamics from polar circulation reversal on Titan. Nature, 2012; 491 (7426): 732 DOI: 10.1038/nature11611

Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.

Disclaimer: Views expressed in this article do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.

Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/space_time/nasa/~3/X_XeVqXcboA/121128132311.htm

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Globalgig roaming data service launched: devour up to 5GB abroad for $49 per month

Voiamo has just taken the veil off of Globalgig, a new roaming service that'll let road warriors consume up to 5GB through a monthly contract and the purchase of a $119 MiFi dongle. So far, it will only be available if you're roaming in the US, UK and Australia through the company's Sprint, O2 and Optus partners, respectively. However, the company has promised it'll expand to "key Asian, European Union markets, and other large global travel hubs" in the next 12 months, bringing 1GB of data for $25, 3GB for $39 and 5GB for $49 per month. Contracts will run month-to-month, and you'll be able to cancel anytime with 48 hours notice, according to Voiamo. Sounds like just the thing for globetrotting bloggers, especially with a certain electronics spectacle coming up in the New Year. Check the PR after the break for more info.

Continue reading Globalgig roaming data service launched: devour up to 5GB abroad for $49 per month

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Source: http://feeds.engadget.com/~r/weblogsinc/engadget/~3/IEQI9k2Yqi0/

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NASA Cancels Nanosat Challenge

Ok, not terrorists precisely. Iran, actually.

A Cubesat launcher terrifies non-proliferation wonks who are afraid that a bunch of little commercial competitors would be sloppy controlling access to their blueprints, or worse, would just publish them online, thereby giving Iran detailed plans for upgraded rockets. We have to remember that the other name for an orbital launcher is an ICBM. If the parts truly can be had at Radio Shack, it's just a matter of the skill to design a way to assemble them, and to write some software to control what you've made. Shoestring development projects encourage shoestring organizations, who in turn are far more likely to open source designs these days than, say, the entrenched military-industrial complex. Given Iran's continued and persistent efforts to prevent anybody from being educated in anything other than verses from a particular medieval book, having The Great Satan design and build the tool for The Next Big Attack (that we're all supposed to be frightened of) would appeal to the ayatollahs. (Of course the likely first target would be Israel, who would feel obliged to retaliate with their own nuclear arsenal, and the Middle East would be a whole lot quieter for a while afterwards. Craters don't complain about who is squatting on whose land.)

We also have to remember that SpaceX was supposed to fail. It was supposed to be impossible to engineer a heavy lift launch vehicle from scratch in less than a decade for less than half a billion dollars. We got ULA partisans posting on Slashdot for years telling us how SpaceX couldn't possibly succeed. Now that SpaceX has undeniably succeeded, with an order of magnitude or two less money than they were supposed to require, there's a very real possibility that a Cubesat launcher project could also succeed for yet more orders of magnitude less money. That brings the cost of an orbital launch vehicle down to practically backyard standards. (I hear suborbital is already a backyard project.) Admittedly with a relatively tiny payload, if it's only supposed to launch one Cubesat at a time, but still. Once you've got something that works, you build it a little bit bigger and you can launch something dangerous with it. And of course, it's already fairly dangerous kinetically all by itself.

The CIA allegedly pursued a global space denial program for decades, and fear of the potential payloads is the reason why. Space is expensive because the only thing that works is missile technology, and that scares people. (And that also explains why NASA spent a lot of time pushing the space elevator Centennial Challenges that the last blog post linked in the summary is complaining about. Space elevators aren't missiles.)

Source: http://rss.slashdot.org/~r/Slashdot/slashdotScience/~3/LW2XWGMzES0/story01.htm

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What To Consider Before Choosing A Primary Care Provider - Keep ...

When it comes to primary care Leesburg has a range of providers. These may be doctors operating from small private practices or from large hospitals. Their role is critical, since they are the first people patients get in contact with, and may remain an integral part of any follow up treatment.

In order to effectively accomplish their goals, these professionals operate around a set of principles, popularly known as the Alma Alta Declaration. The first is the principle of equality. Strength attention should be provided to all without bias. To not do so is not only unethical, but would provide room for disease to thrive and spread.

Another factor is scalability. The system should be able to grow with the practice. One that needs replacement every few years may end up being inconvenient, as employees to be retrained; records have to be moved from the old system. Work may even have to be temporarily halted, inconveniencing patients.

Health concentration, of course, relies on health professionals. If these are unavailable, untrained, inexperienced or in any way demotivated, then the system breaks down. They also need relevant support structures such as referral hospitals, counseling, and community health workers. There are also other considerations not directly related to health, but just as important, such as good roads, security and so on.

Support also includes software updates to introduce new features or solve problems. The program should also integrate seamlessly with other equipment such as printers, document scanners, and routers. This ensures that patients can be served as they should be; prescriptions can be printed, consent forms can be scanned.

The next step is to visit the practice and evaluate it. One should check if the staff is friendly and professional, and if the specialist takes the time to explain to explain treatment. A rude physician will most likely have discourteous staff. When it comes to primary care leesburg has a number of providers, and these are some of the things to consider before selecting one.

Source: http://idea-health-fitness.blogspot.com/2012/11/what-to-consider-before-choosing.html

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School of Rock: An Interview with Scott Walton ? UC San Diego ...

In the words of Neil Young, rock and roll can never die. But to find out how it was born, look no further than MUS-40060: History of Rock Music. The online course takes you on a journey through the history of America?s most defining art form, examining how society has shaped the genre throughout the years ? and vice versa. Geared toward musicians and non-musicians alike,?History of Rock Music urges students to make valuable connections between rock music and their own culture.

We checked in with UC San Diego professor Scott Walton to discuss the course, the art of rebellion, and the ways in which rock and roll continues to impact our daily lives.

Q: What was it that drew you to teaching about the history of rock music?

Scott: In high school I was in several rock and blues bands and was completely absorbed with that music. So I?ve always had an interest, and as an educator, teaching rock history is not only a wonderfully engaging topic, but it?s also easy to connect musical developments with socio-political trends.

Q: How will History of Rock Music use the online medium to complement its subject matter?

Scott: Online teaching platforms such as Blackboard provide wonderful tools for sharing and collaboration. In an online setting, students are often more comfortable expressing opinions and engaging in in-depth conversations with their classmates, compared to a large, face-to-face lecture classroom setting. The lecture notes are PDF-based, and once students download the files from our course Blackboard website, they?ll have a useful resource rich with images, links to various websites, and streaming links to audio and video clips.

Q: Rebellion is a key theme of your course. How has rebellion manifested itself in rock and roll throughout the years?

Scott: Almost all popular music in the U.S. over the past century has served as a site for social or political resistance at some point. Early blues musicians were pushing back at Jim Crow, jazz musicians in the ?30s were instrumental in desegregating the entertainment industry, and when rock emerged in the 1950s it was resisting the comfortable Eisenhower-era notions of American life. Everything opened up in the ?60s with rock and soul musicians playing central roles in the civil rights movement, antiwar protests, and the sexual revolution. Activists viewed music as one of the most important emblems of their resistance to mainstream society.

Q: Do you think rock still has the power to affect social and political change?

Scott: I believe it does. One only has to look at the role musicians and actors played in the last presidential election, supporting presidential candidates and helping to get out the vote. Having Bruce Springsteen perform at a political rally gets a whole lot more people out to hear a message!

Q: The phrase ?rock is dead? gets tossed around a lot. Do you agree with it?

Scott: People also say that jazz is dead. You can only make a statement like that if you think way too much, and listen way too little.?

Discover the musical, historical, and cultural context of this 20th century American art form and how it?s shifted our political and social attitudes as a nation over the decades in this engaging online course starting January 14th. Make sure to enroll on or before December 10^th to receive a $25 discount off of the registration fee.

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Tags: jazz, civil rights, rock and roll, rock, bruce springsteen, protest, Scott Walton, Jim Crow, desegregation, 1950s, 1960s, revolution, antiwar protests, sexual revolution, activist, social change

This entry was posted on November 28, 2012 at 6:21 pm and is filed under Uncategorized, Art, Photography and Performing Arts, Highlights. You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. You can leave a response, or trackback from your own site.

Source: http://ucsandiegoextension.wordpress.com/2012/11/28/school-of-rock-an-interview-with-scott-walton/

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Toronto Real Estate: Buyers beware in real estate purchases, too ...

In light of the recent discussion about the TRUMP TOWER in Toronto, I thought I might repost this article that I wrote for the Toronto Star 14 months ago:

September 16, 2011 ? I recently read an article in the Toronto Star that got me thinking about the experiences of homebuyers purchasing newly built condominiums.

The article detailed buyers who had bought from floor plans, but, unfortunately, once the unit was built they were disappointed when they realized that one window looked at a brick wall, the floor was laminate and the balcony was ?more of a ledge.? This article is a good reminder that there is a lot to consider when deciding to buy a new home.

Condominiums are regulated by the Condominium Act. In recent months, there has been some talk about the need to reform this law, in part to provide better consumer protection. There is no doubt that the act does need reworking, but caveat emptor, or buyers beware, can go a long way to help buyers when purchasing any home.

When buying newly built housing there are many things to consider. Firstly, when you walk into a sales office, understand that often everyone there is working on behalf of the seller/builder. If that is the case, you may have discussions with them, but their fiduciary duty is to the builder, not you as the buyer. With this in mind, you do have the option of working with a realtor and entering into a Buyer Representation Agreement to authorize them to work on your behalf.

At any time that you work with a licensed realtor they must disclose, to all parties, on whose behalf they are working, in writing. For years I have been hoping that Ontario would make disclosure part of all sales that happen in the province. Currently only realtors who are licensed under the Real Estate and Business Brokers Act 2002 must do so. Consumers would be better protected if all parties involved in real estate transactions ? including lawyers, private sellers and new construction on-site salespeople ? were required to do so. It?s only fair; anyone acting on behalf of someone else should have to disclose their relationship.

Secondly, a very important thing to know is that all buyers of newly built condominiums are entitled by law to a 10 day cooling-off period, during which time they can cancel their agreement. This is a good time to peruse all documentation and take it to a lawyer for review. When dealing with condominiums, it could help to use a lawyer who specializes in condo law. The lawyer may have good advice on stipulations that you can add into the contract to better protect yourself.

Thirdly, understand what you are buying:

??Make sure that a condominium suits your lifestyle. Do you have a good sense of the reality of a 665-square-foot unit with two bedrooms and two bathrooms? If you have house-sized furniture, are you ready to sell it all to make this type of new space livable?

??Be diligent in getting the details. If the plans show nine-foot ceilings, is that in all of the rooms? Where will the heating, cooling, and water be located for the apartment below and above? Ask for the full building plans so you can see where the bulkheads are planned.

??Understand the status of the neighbourhood. Is it a stable neighbourhood with little redevelopment, or is their significant development going on ? or coming ? that could change the nature of the area and affect things like the view from your unit. The municipality?s Official Plan and Planning Department staff can help you look into the future.

??Be realistic in your expectations for the property?s value; use common sense. Getting caught up in hype and speculating that your unit will increase dramatically in value from the time you purchase until construction is complete could leave you disappointed.

??Finally, be sure to consider all of your options. For many homebuyers, newly built housing is the right choice. However, if you are the type of person who likes to ?kick the tires? before buying, purchasing a resale property might be a better option for you.

Newly constructed housing is an important part of the real estate market. It fills an important niche and is the right choice for many people. However, as with any major purchase, it is important that you take steps to look out for your best interests. Go the extra step to make sure that you understand what you are buying and consider working with a realtor who can provide assistance and advice during the purchase.

Richard Silver is president of the Toronto Real Estate Board. The views expressed here are those of the president. For more information, go to www.TorontoRealEstateBoard.com. Follow on Twitter @TREB_Official, on Facebook TorontoRealEstateBoard and www.youtube.com/TREBChannel.

Reposted from The Toronto Star

Source: http://torontoism.com/2012/11/27/toronto-real-estate-buyers-beware-in-real-estate-purchases-too/

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Don't Be Bashful When You Talk To Credit Counselor

Mon Nov 26, 2012, 2:00 am |

At the dawn of the so-called Great Recession, the country?s unemployment rate reached the highest level since the infamous Great Depression of the 1930s. As a result, many Americans were forced to take on crippling amounts of debt.

On top of that, when they tried to seek out help, they were bitten by snakes and squeezed by anacondas in the great swamp of financial miseries ? the quagmire of debt ? that they were thrown in.

They were unable to get out the sinking sand without the help of someone who could drag them out, wash them and start a new financial life.

They were seeking help from debt-settlement firms. Many folks have known for years that this industry has more bad apples than good ones. They are rife with scams.

Many such firms were created for the sole purpose of conning innocent consumers. The face of the bad was very similar to that of the good helper.

It?s hard to differentiate between the two kinds. Consequently, many folks were bitten by the bad kind and lost more to them than they owed to their creditors.

According to the Federal Reserve, as a nation, Americans owe $721 billion on outstanding credit cards. CreditCards.com did their calculations and came up with the staggering amount of $15,950 in credit card debt per household carrying only one card.

Just these numbers tell us that people want help ? any kind of help to get them out of the debt shit they have stepped in. However, only a fraction of people seek aid from a credit counselor.

Difference between Credit Counselor and Debt-Settlement Firms

We must understand the difference between a credit counselor and debt-settlement firms. Credit-counseling agencies have been getting bad raps unfairly because most folks confuse them with debt-settlement companies.

Credit counselors advise folks on how to make better budget and lifestyle decisions so that they can pay off their debt expeditiously. These counselors help debtors to develop a debt-management plan to pay back their creditors.

The best part is that you can attend many counseling sessions for free. Some counselors charge nominal fee, typically $20 per session.

On the other hand, debt-settlement firms offer to negotiate with a person?s creditors to slash the amount of debt they own. Many firms charge clients a large fee for their services.

Debt-settlement firms are rife with scam artists and the primary reason is that historically they charge huge fees. There is a lot more money to be made if you own or work for a debt-settlement firm.

Fortunately, the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB), formed in 2010, has started to address some of those problems, but for many years deceptive debt-settlement agencies operated without a watchdog.

Even today under the watchful eyes of CFPB, some individuals and firms have been alleged to have deceived the American public, especially the senior citizens among us.

Be open to Credit Counselor?

There are misconceptions about consulting credit counselors:

• Many folks are afraid that consulting a credit counselor will hurt their credit score. Nothing can be further than the truth. Talking to one has no impact on a person?s credit or credit report.

• Walking into a physical location of a credit counselor can be intimidating and detrimental to their ego, especially if the person doesn?t want to admit face-to-face how much deep they have stepped in the quagmire of debt.

• The sense of shame that can accompany having to admit to a credit counselor they owe a heap of debt. This does not make sense in the case of folks who don?t feel ashamed when they keep on buying even when they don?t need to.

Red flags why you must talk to credit counselor?

You ought to consult a reliable and reputable credit counselor when these red flags are raised.

• Debt collectors are at your doorstep. They keep calling you day and night. You are unable to sleep because of your debt. In this case, the sooner you can get to a credit counselor, the better.

• You cannot repay a single dime towards your debt. You live paycheck to paycheck. Wake up and seek help.

• Debt is creating tension and uneasiness in your family. Media report many cases of divorces due to not being able to pay off debt.

• When you receive bills, you hide it from the family. You are ashamed to even show them the bill let alone talk about them.

• You are using cash advances on your credit card or you may be using the services of payday loans. In both cases, you are stepping deeper and deeper in the sinking sand.

• A time comes when you don?t even care how much you are in debt. That means there is no way you alone can manage ? to say the least ? or clean your debt shit.

• Your credit card has a maximum in a given month. You keep maxing out your card every month. Wake up and smell the credit counselor.

• If you have retirement account, you start and keep withdrawing from it.

In a Nutshell
Credit counselors, because they are a lot less expensive ? can I use the word cheap? ? can be a great help to come up with a budget for your household finances.

The important thing to remember is ?Don?t Be Bashful When You Talk To Credit Counselor.? Open up your little gray cells (Agatha Christie) and start talking about your debt to the credit counselor.

The Credit Card Song by Old Man Pie

Ahead of its time this is a cartoon animation that?s been up on the web since 2006 and is all about the credit crunch crisis.

Credit card spending and loans from banks are in their trillions of dollars and something has to give. We no longer spend what we have earned, we spend what we haven?t earned on the back of house price rises and yet more loans.

The banks are prospering and fat cats are awarding themselves massive bonuses, but it cannot continue.

Beware the debt time bomb may bring the walls of the western world clattering to the ground.

I hope you have enjoyed reading this article as much as I have enjoyed writing it.
So click on "Tweet This Post" above and send it to your followers on Twitter.

Related Posts On Doable Finance dot Com

1. Tips To See If Your Credit Counselor Is Honest
2. Find A Good Credit Counselor
3. Test Yourself If You Need Credit Counseling
4. 5 Steps How To Deal With Debt
5. Debt Collectors Are Allowed To Talk Down To You

Source: http://doablefinance.com/dont-be-bashful-when-you-talk-to-credit-counselor/

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HBT: Greg Maddux named to Team USA staff

Team USA manager Joe Torre has picked his coaching staff for the World Baseball Classic and it?s an impression collection of big names:

Pitching coach ? Greg Maddux
Hitting coach ? Gerald Perry
Bench coach ? Larry Bowa
First base coach ? Dale Murphy
Third base coach ? Willie Randolph
Bullpen coach ? Marcel Lachemann

Maddux as pitching coach is interesting because if he ever showed a desire to do that on a full-time basis teams would be lining up to hire him.

And no doubt part of the job for all six of those coaches is talking various stars into actually playing in the WBC.

Source: http://hardballtalk.nbcsports.com/2012/11/26/greg-maddux-dale-murphy-willie-randolph-named-to-team-usa-coaching-staff-for-wbc/related/

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Free spay and neuter surgeries for cats of qualified residents Dec. 3 ...

The Animal Shelter Alliance of Portland, a coalition of area animal shelters, is offering an early holiday present to qualified cat owners.

The ?Jolly St. Snip? promotion offers free spay and neuter surgeries and distemper vaccines for cats of eligible low-income cat owners at five locations in the metro area between Dec. 3-7.

?Now is the perfect time to spay or neuter your fertile cats to prevent unwanted litters of kittens being born in spring,? says Joyce Briggs, President of the Alliance for Contraception in Cats and Dogs, and volunteer with ASAP's Spay & Save Program. ?Prevention is the key to reducing the number of unwanted cats brought to local animal shelters or free-roaming in your neighborhood.?

Cat Adoption Team has 48 surgical slots available between Dec. 4 and Dec. 7. Surgeries will be performed at CAT?s in-shelter hospital, 14175 S.W. Galbreath Drive in Sherwood.

Transportation to the shelter from Washington County Animal Services will be available on a limited basis; ask about transportation assistance when you schedule your cat?s appointment.

To schedule an appointment with CAT, call 503-925-8903.

Oregon Humane Society plans to spay or neuter 300 cats on Dec. 5 at the shelter, 1067 N.E. Columbia Blvd. in Portland. Cats that are spayed and neutered at OHS or CAT will also receive a free FVRCP vaccine.

The remaining surgeries will take place at?Multnomah County Animal Services in Troutdale, the Humane Society for Southwest Washington in Vancouver, and the Feral Cat Coalition of Oregon, which will spay and neuter stray or feral cats

To qualify, cat owners must live in Multnomah, Washington, Clackamas, or Clark counties and receive government assistance, such as Medicaid, food stamps, Supplemental Security Income the Oregon Health Plan or the Subsidized School Lunch Program to qualify.

Find out more about eligibility requirements here.

Make an appointment by calling 800-345-7729 (SPAY) or 503-797-2606 for feral and stray cats.

Some transportation assistance may be available on a limited basis.

--Monique Balas

Source: http://www.oregonlive.com/pets/index.ssf/2012/11/free_spay_and_neuter_surgeries_2.html

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925 Sterling Silver 14K White Gold Plated Bali ... - Health and fitness

Posted by Diana on November 25th, 2012 05:51 PM | Jewelry??
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Source: http://www.womenfavor.com/jewelry/925-sterling-silver-14k-white-gold-plated-bali-style-genuine-emerald-cut-mystic-topaz-pendant.html

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Apple seeks products added to Samsung suit

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We?ve scoured the major retailers? Black Friday deals and found the most outstanding values for every member of the family. A 32-inch scree... Read more

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Staff , Reuters

Apple has asked a federal court to add six more products to its patent infringement lawsuit against Samsung,?including the Samsung Galaxy Note II, in the latest in move in an ongoing legal war between the two companies.

The case is one of two patent infringement lawsuits pending in the U.S. District Court in San Jose by Apple against Samsung. An earlier lawsuit by Apple that related to different patents resulted in a $1.05 billion jury verdict against Samsung on Aug. 24.

Apple is also seeking to add the Samsung Galaxy S III, running the new Android "Jelly Bean" operating system, the Samsung Galaxy Tab 8.9 Wi-Fi, the Samsung Galaxy Tab 2 10.1, the Samsung Rugby Pro, and the Samsung Galaxy S III Mini, to its lawsuit, according to a court filing on Friday.

"Apple has acted quickly and diligently to determine that these newly-released products do infringe many of the same claims already asserted by Apple," the company said in the filing.

Samsung representatives did not immediately respond to requests for comment.

Apple filed the second lawsuit in February, alleging that various Samsung smartphone and tablet products including the Galaxy Nexus infringed eight of its patents.

Samsung denied infringement and filed a cross-complaint alleging that Apple's iPhone and iPad infringed eight of its patents.

A U.S. judge on Nov. 15 allowed Samsung to pursue claims the iPhone?5 also infringes its patents.

The case is Apple Inc. v. Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. et al, No. 12-cv-00630.

(Reporting By John McCrank; Editing by Theodore d'Afflisio)

(c) Copyright Thomson Reuters 2012. Check for restrictions at:?http://about.reuters.com/fulllegal.asp?

Source: http://www.nbcnews.com/technology/technolog/apple-seeks-add-more-products-samsung-patent-suit-1C7209893

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Congo M23 rebel leader heads to Kampala for talks:M23 spokesman

KAMPALA (Reuters) - The leader of the Democratic Republic of Congo's M23 rebel group Colonel Sultani Makenga is travelling to the Ugandan capital Kampala for talks at the invitation of the head of the Ugandan military, a rebel spokesman said on Monday.

Congolese President Joseph Kabila met M23 for the first time at the weekend after a summit in Uganda where regional leaders gave the rebels two days to leave the eastern Congo city of Goma, which the rebels seized last week after U.N.-backed government troops melted away.

Congo said it would not negotiate with the rebels until they pulled out of Goma, but the rebels said the government was in no position to set conditions on peace talks.

"Makenga's on his way to Kampala, he has been invited by the military chief of Uganda," rebel spokesman Amani Kabasha told Reuters by phone from an undisclosed location.

The Ugandan military said it could not immediately confirm Makenga's visit but that it was probable since Uganda's chief of defense forces, Aronda Nyakayirima, was apparently coordinating M23's withdrawal.

"I am not aware of his arrival but I wouldn't be surprised if he were here because meetings have been going on and since Aronda has been tasked to coordinate the withdrawal (from Goma) he would need to talk to him (Makenga)," military spokesman Felix Kulayigye said.

A diplomat said the African Union was due to hold a Peace and Security Council meeting later on Monday to discuss the crisis.

(Additional reporting by Aaron Maasho in Addis Ababa; Reporting by Elias Biryabarema; Writing by Yara Bayoumy; Editing by Pravin Char)

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/congo-m23-rebel-leader-heads-kampala-talks-m23-091546535.html

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ScienceDaily: Gene News

http://www.sciencedaily.com/news/health_medicine/genes/ Genes and Genetics News. Read today's medical research in genetics including what can damage genes, what can protect them, and more.en-usSat, 24 Nov 2012 21:39:30 ESTSat, 24 Nov 2012 21:39:30 EST60http://www.sciencedaily.com/images/logosmall.gifhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/news/health_medicine/genes/ For more science articles, visit ScienceDaily.http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121124090511.htm Researchers have uncovered a protein ?partner? commonly used by breast cancer cells to unlock genes needed for spreading the disease around the body. A report on the discovery details how some tumors get the tools they need to metastasize.Sat, 24 Nov 2012 09:05:05 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121124090511.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121123092132.htm The genome encodes the complete information needed by an organism, including that required for protein production. Viruses, which are up to a thousand times smaller than human cells, have considerably smaller genomes. Using a type of herpesvirus as a model system scientists have shown that the genome of this virus contains much more information than previously assumed. The researchers identified several hundred novel proteins, many of which were surprisingly small.Fri, 23 Nov 2012 09:21:21 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121123092132.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121122152928.htm Scientists have made a major advance in understanding how flu viruses replicate within infected cells. The researchers used cutting-edge molecular biology and electron-microscopy techniques to ?see? one of influenza?s essential protein complexes in unprecedented detail. The images generated in the study show flu virus proteins in the act of self-replication, highlighting the virus?s vulnerabilities that are sure to be of interest to drug developers.Thu, 22 Nov 2012 15:29:29 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121122152928.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121122152910.htm Fifty years after scientists first posed a question about protein folding, the search for answers has led to the creation of a full-fledged field of research that led to major advances in supercomputers, new materials and drug discovery, and shaped our understanding of the basic processes of life, including so-called "protein-folding diseases" such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and type II diabetes.Thu, 22 Nov 2012 15:29:29 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121122152910.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121121145638.htm Researchers recently uncovered a nerve cell's internal clock, used during embryonic development. This breakthrough could lead to the development of new tools to repair and regenerate nerve cells following injuries to the central nervous system.Wed, 21 Nov 2012 14:56:56 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121121145638.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121121145621.htm Using a new technique called cryo-electron tomography, scientists have created a three-dimensional map that gives a better understanding of how the architecture of the rod sensory cilium (part of one type of photoreceptor in the eye) is changed by genetic mutation and how that affects its ability to transport proteins as part of the light-sensing process.Wed, 21 Nov 2012 14:56:56 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121121145621.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121121130933.htm Researchers have resolved the structure of that allows a telomere-related protein, Cdc13, to form dimers in yeast. Mutations in this region of Cdc13 put the kibosh on the ability of telomerase and other proteins to maintain telomeres.Wed, 21 Nov 2012 13:09:09 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121121130933.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121121130811.htm Cancer therapies often have short-lived benefits due to the emergence of genetic mutations that cause drug resistance. A key gene that determines resistance to a range of cancer drugs has been reported in a new study. The study reveals a biomarker that can predict responses to cancer drugs and offers a strategy to treat drug-resistant tumors based on their genetic signature.Wed, 21 Nov 2012 13:08:08 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121121130811.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121121130703.htm Two recent studies delve into the role of chromatin modifying enzymes and transcription factors in tumour cells. In one, it was found that the PARP1 enzyme activated by kinase CDK2 is necessary to induce the genes responsible for the proliferation of breast cancer cells in response to progesterone. In another, extensive work has been undertaken to identify those genes activated by the administration of progesterone in breast cancer, the sequences that can be recognized and how these genes are induced.Wed, 21 Nov 2012 13:07:07 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121121130703.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121121130643.htm Previously discarded, human-specific ?junk? DNA represents untapped resource in the study of diseases like Alzheimer?s and autism.Wed, 21 Nov 2012 13:06:06 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121121130643.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121121130633.htm In a new study, researchers describe markers and a model that quantify how aging occurs at the level of genes and molecules, providing not just a more precise way to determine how old someone is, but also perhaps anticipate or treat ailments and diseases that come with the passage of time.Wed, 21 Nov 2012 13:06:06 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121121130633.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121121104552.htm New research has found there are several different ways that kidney tumors can achieve the same result -- namely, grow.Wed, 21 Nov 2012 10:45:45 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121121104552.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121121104416.htm Clumped proteins can be dissolved with the aid of cellular repair systems -- a process of critical importance for cell survival especially under conditions of stress. Researchers have now decrypted the fundamental mechanism for dissolving protein aggregates that involves specific molecular chaperones.Wed, 21 Nov 2012 10:44:44 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121121104416.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121121104401.htm New understanding of molecular changes that convert harmless cells surrounding ovarian cancer cells into cells that promote tumor growth and metastasis provides potential new therapeutic targets for this deadly disease, according to new research.Wed, 21 Nov 2012 10:44:44 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121121104401.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121120194932.htm A new rapid test for tuberculosis (TB) could substantially and cost-effectively reduce TB deaths and improve treatment in southern Africa -- a region where both HIV and tuberculosis are common.Tue, 20 Nov 2012 19:49:49 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121120194932.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121120194926.htm A new study has identified hundreds of small regions of the genome that appear to be uniquely regulated in human neurons. These regulatory differences distinguish us from other primates, including monkeys and apes, and as neurons are at the core of our unique cognitive abilities, these features may ultimately hold the key to our intellectual prowess (and also to our potential vulnerability to a wide range of 'human-specific' diseases from autism to Alzheimer's).Tue, 20 Nov 2012 19:49:49 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121120194926.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121120132906.htm Rather than target RNA viruses directly, aiming at the host cells they invade could hold promise, but any such strategy would have to be harmless to the host. Now, a surprising discovery made in ribosomes may point the way to fighting fatal viral infections such as rabies.Tue, 20 Nov 2012 13:29:29 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121120132906.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121120121835.htm Microbiologists studying bacterial colonization in mice have discovered how the very rapid and efficient spread of antibiotic resistance works in the respiratory pathogen, Streptococcus pneumoniae (also known as the pneumococcus). The team found that resistance stems from the transfer of DNA between bacterial strains in biofilms in the nasopharynx, the area just behind the nose.Tue, 20 Nov 2012 12:18:18 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121120121835.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121120100155.htm Scientists have discovered another molecule that plays an important role in regulating myelin formation in the central nervous system. Myelin promotes the conduction of nerve cell impulses by forming a sheath around their projections, the so-called axons, at specific locations -- acting like the plastic insulation around a power cord.Tue, 20 Nov 2012 10:01:01 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121120100155.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121120084725.htm Researchers have discovered new genetic evidence about why some people are happier than others. The scientists have uncovered evidence that the gene FTO -- the major genetic contributor to obesity -- is associated with an eight per cent reduction in the risk of depression. In other words, it's not just an obesity gene but a "happy gene" as well.Tue, 20 Nov 2012 08:47:47 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121120084725.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121119213144.htm Researchers have found that biological age and life expectancy can be predicted by measuring an individual's DNA. They studied the length of chromosome caps -- known as telomeres -- in a 320-strong wild population of Seychelles Warblers on a small isolated island.Mon, 19 Nov 2012 21:31:31 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121119213144.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121119171403.htm Certain mutated cells keep trying to replicate their DNA -- with disastrous results -- even after medications rob them of the raw materials to do so, according to new research.Mon, 19 Nov 2012 17:14:14 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121119171403.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121119163301.htm DNA sequences obtained from a handful of patients with multiple sclerosis have revealed the existence of an ?immune exchange? that allows the disease-causing cells to move in and out of the brain.Mon, 19 Nov 2012 16:33:33 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121119163301.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121119132056.htm Changes in how DNA interacts with histones ?- the proteins that package DNA ?- regulate many fundamental cell activities from stem cells maturing into a specific body cell type or blood cells becoming leukemic. These interactions are governed by a biochemical tug of war between repressors and activators, which chemically modify histones signaling them to clamp down tighter on DNA or move aside and allow a gene to be expressed.Mon, 19 Nov 2012 13:20:20 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121119132056.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121119114249.htm A new tool for neuroscientists delivers a thousand pinpricks of light to individual neurons in the brain. The new 3-D "light switch", created by biologists and engineers, could one day be used as a neural prosthesis that could treat conditions such as Parkinson's and epilepsy by using gene therapy to turn individual brain cells on and off with light.Mon, 19 Nov 2012 11:42:42 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121119114249.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121119104944.htm A large-scale international study has just discovered a gene for susceptibility to a rare disease providing evidence of the heterogeneous aetiology of Alzheimer's disease.Mon, 19 Nov 2012 10:49:49 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121119104944.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121119093848.htm The cerebral cortex is the most complex structure in our brain and the seat of consciousness, emotion, motor control and language. In order to fulfill these functions, it is composed of a diverse array of nerve cells, called cortical neurons, which are affected by many neurological and neuropsychiatric diseases. Researchers have opened new perspectives on brain development and stem cell neurobiology by discovering a gene called BCL6 as a key factor in the generation of cortical neurons during embryonic brain development.Mon, 19 Nov 2012 09:38:38 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121119093848.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121118141530.htm Scientists have demonstrated that induced pluripotent stem cells -- the embryonic-stem-cell look-alikes whose discovery a few years ago won this year's Nobel Prize in medicine -- are not as genetically unstable as was thought.Sun, 18 Nov 2012 14:15:15 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121118141530.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121118141524.htm The prevailing wisdom has been that every cell in the body contains identical DNA. However, a new study of stem cells derived from the skin has found that genetic variations are widespread in the body's tissues, a finding with profound implications for genetic screening.Sun, 18 Nov 2012 14:15:15 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121118141524.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121118141432.htm Geneticists, pediatricians, surgeons and epidemiologists have identified two areas of the human genome associated with the most common form of non-syndromic craniosynostosis premature closure of the bony plates of the skull.Sun, 18 Nov 2012 14:14:14 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121118141432.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121117184658.htm A new discovery concerning a fundamental understanding about how DNA works will produce a "180-degree change in focus" for researchers who study how gene packaging regulates gene activity, including genes that cause cancer and other diseases.Sat, 17 Nov 2012 18:46:46 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121117184658.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116161059.htm Adverse side effects of certain hepatitis C medications can now be replicated in the lab, thanks to a research team. The new method aids understanding of recent failures of hepatitis C antiviral drugs in some patients, and could help to identify medications that eliminate adverse effects. The findings may aid the development of safer and more effective treatments for hepatitis C and other pathogens such as SARS and West Nile virus.Fri, 16 Nov 2012 16:10:10 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116161059.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116124644.htm Researchers have found that a protein, known for causing cancer cells to spread around the body, is also one of the molecules that trigger repair processes in the brain.Fri, 16 Nov 2012 12:46:46 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116124644.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116124551.htm New research shows that a gene is responsible for a person's tendency to be an early riser or night owl -- and helps determine the time of day a person is most likely to die.Fri, 16 Nov 2012 12:45:45 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116124551.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116091226.htm Insights from a genetic condition that causes brain cancer are helping scientists better understand the most common type of brain tumor in children.Fri, 16 Nov 2012 09:12:12 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121116091226.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121115210541.htm Researchers have pieced together new genetic clues to the arthritis puzzle in a study that brings potential treatments closer to reality and could also provide insights into why more women than men succumb to the disabling condition.Thu, 15 Nov 2012 21:05:05 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121115210541.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121115172255.htm Passing one's genes on to the next generation is a mark of evolutionary success. So it makes sense that the body would work to ensure that the genes the next generation inherits are exact replicas of the originals. Biologists have now identified one way the body does exactly that.Thu, 15 Nov 2012 17:22:22 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121115172255.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121115152655.htm Researchers report that an efficient, high-volume technique for testing potential drug treatments for Alzheimer's disease uncovered an organic compound that restored motor function and longevity to fruit flies with the disease.Thu, 15 Nov 2012 15:26:26 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121115152655.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121115133414.htm For the past several years, research has focused on the intricate actions of an ancient family of catalytic enzymes that play a key role in translation, the process of producing proteins. In a new study, scientists have shown that this enzyme can actually also work in another fundamental process in humans.Thu, 15 Nov 2012 13:34:34 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121115133414.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121115133312.htm Researchers have discovered that tanshinones, which come from the plant Danshen and are highly valued in Chinese traditional medicine, protect against the life-threatening condition sepsis.Thu, 15 Nov 2012 13:33:33 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121115133312.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121115132903.htm Medical researchers have for the first time described the structure of the active site core of topoisomerase II alpha, an important target for anti-cancer drugs. The type II topoisomerases are important enzymes that are involved in maintaining the structure of DNA and chromosome segregation during both replication and transcription of DNA. One of these enzymes, topoisomerase II alpha, is involved in the replication of DNA and cell proliferation, and is highly expressed in rapidly dividing cancer cells.Thu, 15 Nov 2012 13:29:29 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121115132903.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121115132901.htm Enzyme hunters at UiO have discovered the function of an enzyme that is important in the spreading of cancer. Cancer researchers now hope to inhibit the enzyme.Thu, 15 Nov 2012 13:29:29 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121115132901.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121115132613.htm New research has revealed a genetic link in pregnant moms - and their male partners - to pre-eclampsia, a life-threatening complication during pregnancy.Thu, 15 Nov 2012 13:26:26 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121115132613.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121115132344.htm Thanks to some careful detective work, scientist better understand just how iPS cells form ? and why the Yamanaka process is inefficient, an important step to work out for regenerative medicine. The findings uncover cellular impediments to iPS cell development that, if overcome, could dramatically improve the efficiency and speed of iPS cell generation.Thu, 15 Nov 2012 13:23:23 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121115132344.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121115132342.htm About 10 percent of kids born with kidney defects have large alterations in their genomes known to be linked with neurodevelopmental delay and mental illness, a new study has shown.Thu, 15 Nov 2012 13:23:23 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121115132342.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121114172833.htm Relatively small levels of exposure to alcohol while in the womb can influence a child's IQ, according to a new study using data from over 4,000 mothers and their children.Wed, 14 Nov 2012 17:28:28 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121114172833.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121114171710.htm A gene so powerful it nearly triples the risk of Alzheimer's disease has been discovered by an international team of researchers. It is the most potent genetic risk factor for Alzheimer's identified in the past 20 years.Wed, 14 Nov 2012 17:17:17 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121114171710.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121114171708.htm For the first time, researchers have landed on a potential diagnostic method to identify at least a subset of patients with chronic fatigue syndrome - testing for antibodies linked to latent Epstein-Barr virus reactivation.Wed, 14 Nov 2012 17:17:17 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121114171708.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121114153227.htm In laboratory experiments, scientists have eliminated metastasis, the spread of cancer from the original tumor to other parts of the body, in melanoma by inhibiting a protein known as melanoma differentiation associated gene-9 (mda-9)/syntenin.Wed, 14 Nov 2012 15:32:32 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121114153227.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121114134512.htm Researchers provide a whole-genome sequence and analysis of number of pig breeds, including a miniature pig that serves a model for human medical studies and therapeutic drug testing.Wed, 14 Nov 2012 13:45:45 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121114134512.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121114134054.htm Caterpillar fungi are rare parasites found on hibernating caterpillars in the mountains of Tibet. For centuries they have been highly prized as a traditional Chinese medicine - just a small amount can fetch hundreds of dollars.Wed, 14 Nov 2012 13:40:40 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121114134054.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121114113803.htm There are plenty of effective anticancer agents around. The problem is that, very often, they cannot gain access to all the cells in solid tumors. A new gene delivery vehicle may provide a way of making tracks to the heart of the target.Wed, 14 Nov 2012 11:38:38 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121114113803.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121114113235.htm New research has uncovered the cause of infertility for 80 per cent of couples previously diagnosed with 'unexplained infertility': high sperm DNA damage.Wed, 14 Nov 2012 11:32:32 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121114113235.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121114083928.htm The ability of cannabis to produce psychosis has long been an important public health concern. This concern is growing in importance as there is emerging data that cannabis exposure during adolescence may increase the risk of developing schizophrenia, a serious psychotic disorder. Further, with the advent of medical marijuana, a new group of people with uncertain psychosis risk may be exposed to cannabis.Wed, 14 Nov 2012 08:39:39 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121114083928.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121113214635.htm For the first time, researchers have used DNA sequencing to help bring an infectious disease outbreak in a hospital to a close. Researchers used advanced DNA sequencing technologies to confirm the presence of an ongoing outbreak of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in a Special Care Baby Unit in real time. This assisted in stopping the outbreak earlier, saving possible harm to patients. This approach is much more accurate than current methods used to detect hospital outbreaks.Tue, 13 Nov 2012 21:46:46 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121113214635.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121113161506.htm Findings from a study suggest that certain variations in vitamin D metabolism genes may modify the association of low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations with health outcomes such as hip fracture, heart attack, cancer, and death.Tue, 13 Nov 2012 16:15:15 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121113161506.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121113143656.htm Biologists have discovered that fats within cells store a class of proteins with potent antibacterial activity, revealing a previously unknown type of immune system response that targets and kills bacterial infections.Tue, 13 Nov 2012 14:36:36 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121113143656.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121113134807.htm Researchers using a new approach to identifying genes associated with depression have found that variants in a group of genes involved in transmission of signals by the neurotransmitter glutamate appear to increase the risk of depression.Tue, 13 Nov 2012 13:48:48 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121113134807.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121113134230.htm The cancer-causing form of the gene Myc alters the metabolism of mitochondria, the cell?s powerhouse, making it dependent on the amino acid glutamine for survival. Depriving cells of glutamine selectively induces programmed cell death in cells overexpressing mutant Myc. Using Myc-active neuroblastoma cells, a team three priotein executors of the glutamine-starved cell, representing a downstream target at which to aim drugs. Roughly 25 percent of all neuroblastoma cases are associated with Myc-active cells.Tue, 13 Nov 2012 13:42:42 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121113134230.htmhttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121113134224.htm Even the very lowest levels of radiation are harmful to life, scientists have concluded, reporting the results of a wide-ranging analysis of 46 peer-reviewed studies published over the past 40 years. Variation in low-level, natural background radiation was found to have small, but highly statistically significant, negative effects on DNA as well as several measures of health.Tue, 13 Nov 2012 13:42:42 ESThttp://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/11/121113134224.htm

Source: http://www.sciencedaily.com/rss/health_medicine/genes.xml

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Galapagos tortoise: a resurrection from extinction?

Galapagos tortoise became extinct after June death of Lonesome George. But scientists say cross-breeding could bring Galapagos tortoise back.

By Frank Bajak,?Associated Press / November 24, 2012

In this 2008 file photo released by Galapagos National Park, a giant tortoise named 'Lonesome George' is seen in the Galapagos islands, an archipelago off Ecuador's Pacific coast. Lonesome George, the late reptile prince of the Galapagos Islands, may be dead, but scientists now say he may not be the last giant tortoise of his species after all.

Galapagos National Park/AP/File

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Lonesome George, the late reptile prince of the Galapagos Islands, may be dead, but scientists now say he may not be the last giant?tortoise?of his species after all.

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Researchers say they may be able to resurrect the Pinta Island subspecies by launching a cross-breeding program with 17 other?tortoises?found to contain genetic material similar to that of Lonesome George, who died June 24 at the Pacific Ocean archipelago off Ecuador's coast after repeated failed efforts to reproduce.

Edwin Naula, director of the Galapagos National Park, said in a telephone interview on Thursday that the probability is high it can be accomplished.

"It would be the first time that a species was recovered after having been declared extinct," Naula said.

But it won't happen overnight.

"This is going to take about 100 to 150 years," Naula added.

Scientists took DNA samples from 1,600?tortoises?on Wolf volcano, and found the Pinta variety in 17, though their overall genetic makeup varied.

Through cross-breeding, "100 percent pure species" can be achieved, said Naula, a biologist.

He said the 17?tortoises?were being transferred from Isabela island, where the volcano is located, to the park's breeding center at Santa Cruz, the main island on the archipelago whose unique flora and fauna helped inspire Charles Darwin's work on evolution. The results are to be published in the journal Biological Conservation, the park said.

The study on Wolf volcano was conducted by Yale University and the Galapagos park with financial help from the Galapagos Conservancy.

In a news release, the park said scientists speculate that giant?tortoises?from Pinta island might have arrived at Wolf volcano after being taken off by whaling ships for food and later cast overboard.

At least 14 species of giant?tortoise?originally inhabited the islands' 620 miles (1,000 kilometers) off Ecuador's coast and 10 survive.

A visit to Lonesome George became de rigueur for celebrities and common folk alike among the 180,000 people who annually visit the Galapagos.

Before humans arrived, the islands were home to tens of thousands of giant?tortoises. The number fell to about 3,000 in 1974, but the recovery program run by the national park and the Charles Darwin Foundation has succeeded in increasing the overall population to 20,000.

Lonesome George's age at death was not known, but scientists believed he was about 100, not especially old for a giant?tortoise.

Source: http://rss.csmonitor.com/~r/feeds/csm/~3/OiTeqdDuBys/Galapagos-tortoise-a-resurrection-from-extinction

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A checklist to see whether debt reduction is real

WASHINGTON (AP) ? President Barack Obama and leaders of the lame-duck Congress may be just weeks away from shaking hands on a deal to avert the dreaded "fiscal cliff." So it's natural to wonder: If they announce a bipartisan package promising to curb mushrooming federal deficits, will it be real?

Both sides have struck cooperative tones since Obama's re-election. Even so, he and House Speaker John Boehner, R-Ohio, the GOP's pivotal bargainer, have spent most of the past two years in an acrid political climate in which both sides have fought stubbornly to protect their constituencies.

Obama and top lawmakers could produce an agreement that takes a serious bite out of the government's growing $16 trillion pile of debt and puts it on a true downward trajectory.

Or they might reach an accord heading off massive tax increases and spending cuts that begin to bite in January ? that's the fiscal cliff ? while appearing to be getting tough on deficits through painful savings deferred until years from now, when their successors might revoke or dilute them.

Historically, Congress and presidents have proven themselves capable of either. So before bargainers concoct a product, and assuming they can, here's a checklist of how to assess their work:

OVERALL DEFICIT CUTS

The House and Senate have four weeks until Christmas. Their leaders and the president want a deal before then. Bargainers are shooting for a framework setting future debt-reduction targets, with detailed tax and spending changes to be approved next year but possibly some initial savings enacted immediately.

Obama has suggested 10-year savings totaling around $4.4 trillion.

Passing a framework next month that sets deficit-cutting targets for each of the next 10 years would be seen as a sign of seriousness. But look for specifics. An agreement will have a greater chance of actually reducing deficits if it details how the savings would be divided between revenue increases and cuts in federal programs, averting future fights among lawmakers over that question.

Better yet would be including a fast-track process for passing next year's tax and spending bills if they meet the savings targets so they can whisk through Congress without the possibility of a Senate filibuster, in which 41 of the 100 senators could kill a measure they dislike.

Another sign of sincerity: An enforcement mechanism that imposes savings automatically if lawmakers gridlock over details. Legislators' efforts now to avert January's combination of automatic tax boosts and spending cuts underscores the effectiveness of forcing them to act.

Less impressive would be verbal pledges by the White House and congressional leaders to meet deficit-cutting goals without passing legislation inscribing the figures into law.

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TAXES

A deal that specifies where revenue would come from would lay important groundwork for next year's follow-up bill enacting actual changes in tax laws.

The biggest clash has been over whether to raise income tax rates on earnings over $200,000 annually for individuals, $250,000 for families. Obama wants to let them rise next year to a top rate of 39.6 percent but has suggested he would compromise. Boehner and other Republicans oppose any increase above today's top marginal rate of 35 percent. Instead, they advocate lower rates and eliminating or reducing unspecified deductions and tax credits. Settling that would resolve the toughest impediment to a deal.

Raising money from higher rates, closing loopholes or a combination of the two would create real revenue for the government. The problem is many tax deductions and credits , such as for home mortgages and the value of employer-provided health insurance, are so popular that enacting them into law over objections from the public and lobbyists would be extremely difficult.

With the price tags of tax and spending laws typically measured over a decade, delaying the implementation date can distort the projected impact of a change on people and the government's debt.

Tax cuts written to expire in a certain year can put future lawmakers under political pressure to extend it. That is what Obama and Congress face today with the January expiration of tax cuts, including many enacted a decade ago under President George W. Bush.

Even more questionable are assumptions that overhauling tax laws will boost economic activity and thus produce large new revenues for the government. Many Republicans and ideologically conservative economists contend that's the case, but most economists say there is no sound way to estimate how much revenue can be generated from strengthening the economy by revamping the tax system. Many believe the amount is modest.

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SPENDING

A serious agreement should specify how much savings would come from entitlements, meaning those big, costly benefit programs such as Social Security and Medicare. It also should say how much would come from discretionary spending, which covers federal agency budgets for everything from the military and national parks to food safety inspections and weather forecasts.

Why the need for specificity?

Because spending for entitlements occurs automatically, accounts for nearly two-thirds of federal spending and is the fastest growing part of the budget. Discretionary spending has been shackled by past budget deals and, according to the nonpartisan Congressional Budget Office, is moving toward falling below 6 percent the size of the economy by 2022, the lowest level in at least 50 years.

A sincere effort to control expenditures would focus on entitlements, the true source of the government's spending problem. An agreement that envisions deep discretionary cuts risks a reliance on savings that future lawmakers could find unbearable and rescind.

Savings that come from weeding out waste, fraud and abuse, which sounds good but are difficult to find, or rely on one-time sales of federal assets should be treated with suspicion.

Deep cuts that take effect in the future, say after Obama leaves office in 2017, might be better than imposing them now and hurting an already weak economy by reducing spending.

But delayed cuts also open the door for Obama's successors and future Congresses to roll them back. In 1997, Congress voted for cuts in Medicare reimbursements to doctors; those cuts have grown so large that lawmakers now vote annually to restore the money.

Postponing the implementation of spending increases already scheduled to take effect, such as federal health insurance subsidies under Obama's health care overhaul, saves money upfront but makes no permanent changes that would ease future spending pressures.

Another debatable source of deficit reduction would be the hundreds of billions of dollars the Obama administration says the government is saving by winding down wars in Iraq and Afghanistan. While there is no question those expenditures are dropping, the government has run huge deficits while those wars were waged, so there's no money being left unspent as those wars end.

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/checklist-see-whether-debt-reduction-real-220013472--finance.html

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